1、It作先行主語(yǔ)和先行賓語(yǔ)的一些句型：She had said what it was necessary to say.
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is not who rules us that is important,but how he rules us.
3、"All+抽象名詞"或"抽象名詞+itself"(very+形容詞)，He was all gentleness to her.
4、利用詞匯重復(fù)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：A crime is a crime a crime.
5、something(much)of和nothing(little)of"：something of相當(dāng)于to some extent，表示程度。在疑問句或條件從句中，則為anything of ，可譯為有點(diǎn)，略微等。much of譯為大有，not much of可譯為算不上，稱不上，little of可譯為幾乎無(wú)。something like譯為有點(diǎn)像，略似。They say that he had no university education,but he seems to be something of a scholar.
6、同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個(gè)名詞都指同一個(gè)人或物，"of"以及它前面的名詞構(gòu)一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ)，以修飾"of"后面的那個(gè)名詞。如"her old sharper of a father"，可譯為："她那騙子般的父親"。Those pigs of girls eat so much.
7、as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be.
8、"It is in(with)…as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey.
9、"as good as…"相等于，就像，幾乎如;實(shí)際上，其實(shí)，實(shí)在。The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.
10、many as well…as和might as well …as：many as well…as可譯為與其……，不如……，更好，以這樣做……為宜，如同……，也以……等。might as well …as表示不可能的事，可譯為猶如……，可與……一樣荒唐，與其那樣不如這樣的好等等。One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.
11、to make…of的譯法(使……成為……，把……當(dāng)作)，I will make a scientist of my son.
12、not(never)too…+不定式，too…not+不定式，She is too angry to speak.
13、only(not、all、but、never)too …to do so和too ready (apt) + to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義，凡是not，all、but等字后+too…to，不定式都失去了否定意義，在too ready(apt) +to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義。You know but too yell to hold your tongue.
14、no more …than…句型：A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.
15、not so much…as和not so much as …結(jié)構(gòu)，not so much…as=not so much as …，其中as有進(jìn)可換用but rather，可譯為：與其說(shuō)是……毋須說(shuō)是……。而not so much as=without(not)even，可譯為甚至……還沒有。The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
16、Nothing is more…than和Nothing is so …as結(jié)構(gòu)，Nothing is more…than和Nothing is so …as都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，Nothing I可換用no、nobody、nowhere、little、few、hardly、scarcely等等，可譯為沒有……比……更為，像……再?zèng)]有了，最……等。Nothing is more precious than time.
17、cannot…too…結(jié)構(gòu)：cannot…too…意為It is impossible to overdo…或者，即無(wú)論怎樣……也不算過(guò)分。not可換用hardly、scarcely等，too可換用enough、sufficient等。You cannot be too careful.
18、否定+but結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的but，具有which not、who not、that not，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成沒有……不是或……都……等。Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.
19、否定+until (till)結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞no、not、never、little、few、seldom等的后邊所接用的until/till，多數(shù)情況下譯為直到……才……，要……才……，把否定譯為肯定。Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.
20、not so…but和not such a …but結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)和否定+but的結(jié)構(gòu)差不多，不同之點(diǎn)是這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的but是含有that…not意味的連續(xù)詞，表示程度。可譯為還沒有……到不能做……的程度，并不是……不……，無(wú)論怎樣……也不是不能……等。He is not so sick but he can come to school.
21、疑問詞+should…but結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去的意外的事，意為none…but，可譯為除了……還有誰(shuí)會(huì)……，豈料，想不到……竟是……等。Who should write it but himself?
22、who knows but(that)…和who could should…but結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是反問形式，一般意譯為多半，亦未可知等等，有時(shí)也可直譯。Who knows but (that) he may go?
23、祈使句+and和祈使句+or結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句+and表示If…you…，祈使名+or表示if…not…,you。Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community.
Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.
24、名詞+and結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞等于狀語(yǔ)從句，或表示條件，或表示時(shí)間。A word, and he would lose his temper.
25、as…,so…結(jié)構(gòu)，這里的so的意思是in the same way(也是如此)，此結(jié)構(gòu)表明兩個(gè)概念在程度上和關(guān)系上相似。As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.
26、if any結(jié)構(gòu)，if any和if ever意思是果真有……，即使有……，表示加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與此類似的還有：if anything(如有不同的話，如果稍有區(qū)別)，if a day(=at least，至少)。There is little, if any, hope.
27、be it ever(never)so和let it be ever(never)so結(jié)構(gòu)，這里be it中的be是古英語(yǔ)假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣的遺留形式，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)則使用let it be。ever so和never so都表示同一意思，都表示very。Be it ever so humble (let it be ever so humble), home is home.
28、the last+不定式和the last+定語(yǔ)從詞結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的last意思是the least likely，用于否定性推論?？勺g為最不大可能的，最不合適的，由原意的"最后一個(gè)……"變成"最不可能……的一個(gè)"。He is the last man to accept a bride.
29、so…that…句型，這個(gè)句型的意思是"如此……，以致于……"，但在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，許多情況下，并不是一定要譯成"如此……以致于……"，而是變通表達(dá)其含義。He ran so fast that nobody could catch him up.
30、more + than+原級(jí)形容詞(副詞)結(jié)構(gòu)，這是將不同性質(zhì)加以比較，其中的"more"有"rather"的意思。It is more than probable that he will fall.
31、more than+動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)詞的程度，可譯為"異常"，"豈止"，"十二分地"等。This more than satisfied me.
32、good and…的副詞用法，譯為"非常"，"很"等。類似還有"nice and …"、"fine and …"、"lovely and …"、"bright and …"、"rare and …"、"big and …"等，均表示程度。The apples are good and ripe.
33、and that結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)and that應(yīng)譯為"而且……"，表示對(duì)它前面陳述部分的語(yǔ)氣加強(qiáng)，"that"代表前面的整個(gè)陳述部分。Return to your work , and that at once.
34、at once…and結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)譯為"既……又……"，起相關(guān)連接的作用，相當(dāng)于"both…and…"。The novel is at once pleasing and instructive.
35、in that…結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"在那一點(diǎn)上(方面)"，可譯為"因?yàn)?quot;。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有"in this…"。The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs.
36、the name notwithstanding結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中"notwithstanding"是介詞，這個(gè)介詞可以置前，可以置后，比如也可寫成："notwithstanding the name"，起讓步狀語(yǔ)的作用。Some people think of the storage battery as a sort of condenser where electricity is stored.But this is an entirely wrong conception,the name notwithstanding.
37、Every…not和All…not結(jié)構(gòu)，"Every…not"表示"不見得每個(gè)……都是……"，"All…not"表示"不見得所有……都是……"的意思。Every man is not polite, and all are not born gentlemen.
38、may as well not…as結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)可譯為"與其……不如不……"。One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly.
39、have only to…do結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)表示"只須(消)……就能……"的意思。We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison to see the significance of it.
40、not(no)…unless…句型，No increase in output can be expected unless a new as